GLOSSARY
95
ITU-T
An international organization that defines
standards for telegraphic and telephone
equipment. For example, the Bell 212A
standard for 1200-bps communication in
North America is observed internationally as
ITU-T V.22. For 2400-bps communication,
most U.S. manufacturers observe V.22 bis.
LAPM
Link Access Procedure for Modems. An
error-control protocol defined in ITU-T
Recommendation V.42. Like the MNP
protocols, LAPM uses cyclic redundancy
checking (CRC) and retransmission of
corrupted data (ARQ) to ensure data
reliability.
local echo
A modem feature that enables the modem to
display keyboard commands and transmitted
data on the screen. See command En.
MNP
Microcom Networking Protocol, an error-
control protocol developed by Microcom,
Inc., and now in the public domain. There are
several different MNP protocols, but the most
commonly used one ensures error-free
transmission through error detection (CRC)
and retransmission of flawed frames.
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