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Antennas: Basics
n A radiation pattern is a diagram that allows
us to visualize in what directions the energy
will radiate from an antenna
n If an antenna radiates in all directions equally we
say it is an “isotropic radiator”
n The radiation pattern is split into two perpendicular
planes called Azimuth and Elevation
n When RF energy is concentrated, it means the
antenna has “gain” over a portion of the radiator
n gain is measured in decibels and written dBi
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Antennas: Basics (cont.)
n Gaining coverage is achieved thru gain,
which again, is measured in decibels dB
n Calculation range
n Indoors, each 1 dB increase in gain results in a
range increase of 2.5%: outdoors it’s 5%
n Positioning
n Normally should be mounted as high and as clear
as obstructions as possible
n Best performance is when the transmitting and
receiving antenna are at the same height and in
direct line of site
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